When you are injured while lawfully on someone else’s property, the owner is liable for your injuries if the owner’s negligence caused your injury. While premises liability includes slip/trip & fall situations, it is broader because it addresses any unsafe condition and resulting injury, whether caused by a fall or otherwise.
What are the elements of a premises liability case?
If you are injured because of an unsafe condition on property, you will have to show that:
You were lawfully on the property (i.e., that the owner invited you or hired you to work on the property), or if not lawfully on the property that the owner knew you were trespassing on the property;
That the owner of the property was negligent in dealing with the unsafe condition—that is, that the owner knew or should have known about the dangerous condition on the property and failed to repair it (or if repaired, it was repaired in a way that did not fix it or made the condition worse), rope it off, or warn of the condition;
You have been hired to paint the ceiling in someone’s house. You begin to do the work, and the ceiling, which is cracked, falls on you and injures you.
You are attending a dinner party at an office building. The building has recently been fumigated for insects; you are overcome by fumes and have to be hospitalized.
You are playing catch, and your ball goes over a fence onto someone else’s property. The gate is locked, and a sign says, “Danger--Do not enter; ring bell.” You ring the bell, and the owner opens the gate for you, inviting you to his property. The owner tells you to go get your ball, but doesn’t warn you that the yard is full of broken glass. You go to pick up your ball, and your hand gets cut by glass.
In general, if you trespass on someone’s property, the owner does not owe you a duty of care, and therefore, if you get hurt by a condition on the property, the owner is not liable for your injuries, even if the owner knew of the dangerous condition. There are exceptions to this rule:
Trespasser Known to Owner: If the property owner knows a trespasser is on his property and acquiesces to his presence, the owner will be liable for injuries just as would any guest;
Children and Attractive Nuisance: This doctrine applies to child trespassers. If there is a condition on property, say an unfenced pool, that would be attractive to children, and a child is injured by the condition, the owner is liable even if the child is an unknown trespasser.
